Geothermics deals with studies of thermal fields within the Earth. Information about temperature in the uppermost parts of the Earth (hundreds of meters up to several kilometers below its surface) is obtained by direct measurements in boreholes. Temperature estimate for greater depths is based on calculations for which it is necessary to assess heat generation within the Earth, thermal conductivity of rocks, long-term surface temperature and temperature increase with depth (a gradient) close to the surface.
An important field of research is a determination of the past climate based on a temperature inversion of current deep-boreholes temperature logs.

Geothermal Exploration is a multidisciplinary process used to explore the subsurface in search of viable active geothermal regions with the ultimate goal of building a geothermal power plant, where hot fluids drive turbines to create electricity. Exploration methods include a broad range of disciplines including geology, geophysics, geochemistry and engineering.
Geothermics equipments:
- The portable thermometers for borehole temperature logging to the depth of 2 – 3 km;
- Laboratory instruments for measurements of thermal conductivity and diffusivity;
- The gamma-spectrometers for determination of content of radioactive isotopes of Uranium, Thorium and Potassium in rocks as the radioactive decay is a main heat source within the Earth crust.
The Geothermics researches are supported by extended software packages for numerical solution of the heat transfer equation, temperature and heat production calculations as well as past climate determination.